Protestant Reformation Essays

Protestant Reformation Essays Protestant Reformation Essay Protestant Reformation Essay The Protestant Reformation was considered as the ultimate revolutionary incident in the 16th century. This was the period when the Church occupied the seat of power. Because of the authoritative control over their constituents and their questionable practices, many people became discounted with the situation. As a consequence, they were forced to choose between the traditional Catholic Church or the new concept of Protestant Reformation.Their dissatisfaction was rooted from many flaws of the Church. First, the Church focused on the conduct of rituals which many perceived as an evasion from the Churchs original objective of helping their devotees to attain personal salvation. The Church sacraments became highly ritualized that they were no longer connected with the Europeans. Its meaning and significance have become senseless. Another major reason that induced the Protestant Reformation was the dispossession of the spiritual influence of the Church officials over their people which wa s caused by the manifestation of secularization. More criticisms commenced when popes and other high church officials adapted a king-like lifestyle wherein they lived in luxurious houses and palaces. More so, because of the acquired fortune of the Church, it instigated numerous forms of abuses which was unfortunately executed by representatives of the Church.As a result from all of these, many people have been driven to initiate changes in the doctrines and rituals of the Catholic Church( Kreis, 2006, â€Å"Protestant Reformation†). During the reformation, one man was bold enough to reveal the truth about the misconducts of the Church, he was Martin Luther. His incessant struggle to tell the truth amid constant intimidations and threat from the Church gave him leverage in gaining the interest and trust of the people. Also, he was able to capitalize on the brewing discontent of the Europeans that made it more difficult for the Church to manage and to put a stop on the dissensi on of the people (cited in everythingimportant.org, â€Å"What started the Protestant Reformation?†).;

USS Nebraska (BB-14) in the Great White Fleet

USS Nebraska (BB-14) in the Great White Fleet USS Nebraska (BB-14) - Overview: Nation: United States Type: Battleship Shipyard: Moran Brothers, Seattle, WA Laid Down: July 4, 1902 Launched: October 7, 1904 Commissioned: July 1, 1907 Fate: Sold for Scrap, 1923 USS Nebraska (BB-14) - Specifications: Displacement: 16,094 tons Length: 441 ft., 3 in. Beam: 76 ft., 2 in. Draft: 25 ft., 10 in. Propulsion: 12 Ãâ€" Babcock boilers, 2 Ãâ€" triple-expansion engines, 2 Ãâ€" propellers Speed: 19 knots Complement: 1,108 men Armament: 4 Ãâ€" 12 in./40 cal guns8 Ãâ€" 8 in./45 cal guns12 Ãâ€" 6-inch guns11 Ãâ€" 3-inch guns24 Ãâ€" 1 pdr guns4 Ãâ€" 0.30 in. machine guns4 Ãâ€" 21 in. torpedo tubes USS Nebraska (BB-13) - Design Construction: Laid down in 1901 and 1902, the five battleships of the Virginia-class were meant as successors to the Maine-class (USS Maine, USS Missouri, and USS Ohio) which was then entering service. Though conceived as the US Navys latest design, the new battleships saw a return to some features that had not been employed since the earlier Kearsarge-class (USS Kearsarge and USS ). These included the use of 8-in. guns as a secondary armament and the locating of two 8-in. turrets on top of the vessels 12-in. turrets. Supplementing the Virginia-class main battery of four 12 in. guns were eight 8-in., twelve 6-in., twelve 3-in., and twenty-four 1-pdr guns. In a shift from previous classes of battleships, the new design utilized Krupp armor instead of the Harvey armor that had been placed on earlier vessels. Propulsion for the Virginia-class came from twelve Babcock boilers which powered two vertical inverted triple expansion reciprocating steam engines. The second ship of the class, USS Nebraska (BB-14) was laid down at Moran Brothers in Seattle, WA on July 4, 1902. Work on the hull moved forward over the next two years and on October 7, 1904, it slid down the ways with Mary N. Mickey, daughter of Nebraska Governor John H. Mickey, serving as sponsor. Another two and a half years passed before construction on Nebraska ended. Commissioned on July 1, 1907, Captain Reginald F. Nicholson took command. The next several months saw the new battleship conduct its shakedown cruise and trials on the West Coast. Completing these, it re-entered the yard for repairs and modifications before resuming operations in the Pacific. USS Nebraska (BB-14) - Great White Fleet: In 1907, President Theodore Roosevelt became increasingly concerned about the US Navys lack of power in the Pacific due to the growing threat posed by Japan. To impress upon the Japanese that the United States could move its battle fleet to the Pacific with ease, he began planning a world cruise of the nations battleships. Designated the Great White Fleet, the Atlantic Fleets battleships steamed from Hampton Roads on December 16, 1907. The fleet then moved south making visits in Brazil before passing through the Straits of Magellan. Steering north, the fleet, led by Rear Admiral Robley D. Evans, arrived at San Francisco on May 6. While there, a decision was made to detach USS (BB-8) and Maine due to their abnormally high coal consumption. In their place, USS (BB-9) and Nebraska were assigned to the fleet, now led by Rear Admiral Charles Sperry. Assigned to the fleets Second Division, First Squadron, this group also contained Nebraskas sister ships USS Georgia (BB-15), USS (BB-16), and USS (BB-17). Departing the West Coast, the battleship and it consorts transited the Pacific to Hawaii before reaching New Zealand and Australia in August. After taking part in festive port calls, the fleet steered north for the Philippines, Japan, and China. Finishing visits in these countries, the American battleships crossed the Indian Ocean before passing through the Suez Canal and entering the Mediterranean. Here the fleet split to make visits in several nations. Moving west, Nebraska called at Messina and Naples before rejoining the fleet at Gibraltar. Crossing the Atlantic, the battleship arrived at Hampton Roads on February 22, 1909, where it was greeted by Roosevelt. Having completed its world cruise, Nebraska underwent brief repairs and had a cage foremast installed before rejoining the Atlantic Fleet. USS Nebraska (BB-14) - Later Service: Attending Fulton-Hudson Celebration in New York later in 1909, Nebraska entered the yard the following spring and received a second cage mast aft. Resuming active duty, the battleship took part in the Louisiana Centennial in 1912. As tensions increased with Mexico, Nebraska moved to aid American operations in that area. In 1914, it supported the US occupation of Veracruz. Performing well in this mission during 1914 and 1916, Nebraska was awarded the Mexican Service Medal. Obsolete by modern standards, the battleship returned to the United States and was placed in reserve. With the countrys entrance into World War I in April 1917, Nebraska returned to active duty. At Boston when hostilities commenced, Nebraska joined the 3rd Division, Battleship Force, Atlantic Fleet. For the next year, the battleship operated along the East Coast training armed guard crews for merchant vessels and conducting maneuvers. On May 16, 1918, Nebraska embarked the body Carlos DePena, the late ambassador of Uruguay, for transport home. After arriving in Montevideo on June 10, the ambassadors body was transferred to the Uruguayan government. Returning home, Nebraska reached Hampton Roads on July and began preparing to serve as a convoy escort. On September 17, the battleship departed to escort its first convoy across the Atlantic. It completed two similar missions before the wars end in November. Refitting in December, Nebraska was converted into a temporary troopship to assist in bringing American soldiers back from Europe. Conducting four voyages to and from Brest, France, the battleship transported 4,540 men home. Completing this duty in June 1919, Nebraska departed for service with the Pacific Fleet. It operated along the West Coast for the next year until being decommissioned on July 2, 1920. Placed in reserve, Nebraska was rendered incapable of war service following the signing of the Washington Naval Treaty. In late 1923, the aging battleship was sold for scrap. Selected Sources DANFS: USS Nebraska (BB-14)NHHC: USS Nebraska (BB-14)NavSource: USS Nebraska (BB-14)

Flood Prevention and Lessons Learned (Cedar Rapids Iowa Flood of 2008) Essay

Flood Prevention and Lessons Learned (Cedar Rapids Iowa Flood of 2008) - Essay Example The floods which were experienced in 2008 in the city of Iowa caused massive damage, farmlands were destroyed businesses were demolished all major social amenities were almost taken to ground and thousands of people who were living in Iowa were left homeless. Millions of dollars’ worth of property was destroyed and lead to the lives being lost and livelihoods being shattered. Floods were later to be categorized as the Fifth major disaster that has ever occurred in the United States and the first in the city of Iowa (Nazoom, 58). When it comes to comparison and categorizing, it takes one back to the flood stories. While giving a comparison between the two floods stories namely the Old Testament and Gilgamesh epic, one gets a great an impression that there are similar occurrences. For some scholars, the similar elements between the two flood stories become perplexing. There are possible things with the two accounts shown by Alexander Heidel. These possibilities are that the Hebr ew story came first then the Babylonian story followed thus copied from the previous. The Hebrew story could therefore have borrowed the ideas from the Babylonians and both stories descended from the common original story of Noah. Since many people are conversant with the original story in the Old Testament, they forget to research on how the genesis story resembles the flood story of Gilgamesh (Sanders, 2003). The two stories are so alike with the main theme of forgiveness being the domineering similarity between the two. The two stories however differ in the events that took place during the floods, which for many seem to be the small details. In the two flood stories, the numbers of event days differ regardless of the basic events taking place in very different ages. Focusing on the flood stories for a minute, It is before 2000 B.C that Gilgamesh flood story got the first publishing while the Old Testament story was in 400 B.C, which came much later than the Gilgamesh flood (Sand ers, 2003). In both stories, God or gods gets annoyed and the Old Testament clearly shows how those who did not follow the correct ways he wanted them to follow annoyed God. The other difference is that there are worshiped gods or God as well as heroes like Noah during this period. When the Gilgamesh story takes place, gods allow existence of half-god and half-human on earth. The other similarity is the number of people saved and the reasons behind the saving after the floods. Having looked at both stories carefully, there is a good man like Noah in the Old Testament and Utnapishtim from Gilgamesh, saved and chosen by either God or gods (Nazoomi, 2005). In the two stories, both men choose to send birds to find the dry land. Both Noah and Utnapishtim are rewarded because they show proper reverence to their gods. Years after the floods in Cedar Rapids took place, the people and the leadership of that area is still trying to recover from the damage that the floods caused their sufferin g. Different policies have been developed since of which some have been accepted and others criticized or rejected. The United States Government offered the City of Cedar Rapids 2 million Dollars to help them after the devastations, but what was actually incurred by the floods was 5Million dollars worth of damages. What it actually meant was that the remaining amount in which the Government did not provide, the people of

Jute Material Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Jute Material - Coursework Example Due to its resistive nature, the dry jute shows signs of being loaded after 23 milliseconds in the test. As indicated by the graph above the progress that follows soon after is represented by a shoot that is almost linear to the almost 2200 Newton’s mark after which the graph begins a drop, which creates a spike. The drop records a low of slightly above 1500 newton after which more force is applied to the jute where it spikes up to a force of 3300 newton. After which the drop follows. The drop is characterised by spikes resulting from the applied force as depicted in the graph in the twentieth and forty-sixth millisecond gap. The uncharacteristic drops in the loading process indicate a difference in dry jute that is uncharacteristic of the normal loading curve on the solid materials, and it reveals some characteristics of the dry jute.The test time that is recorded by the dry jute on the load increase is approximately 36 milliseconds after which the load is at the peak. The ov erall test records a time of approximately 46 milliseconds. From this, it is evident that the unloading or negative slope part of the graph takes less time compared to that of the loading part. The dry jute graph exhibits some unexpected results. Being a solid material, the graph that was expected on loading should have been characteristically smooth (Rees, 2000, p.123), but in this case, it had recorded instances and occurrence of sharp peaks in both the loading and unloading process.... 21), the fibre loses its elasticity element and enters the permanently deformed state. The fibre lingers shortly in the deformation phase, before suffering a complete breakdown in structure in this state. The breakpoint in the dry jute case is recorded at approximately 20.5 Joules. Wet Jute In construction, Jute is mostly used in its dry form. The presence of fluid in the internal structure of jute affects its mechanical properties as displayed in the graph. The effect of having the fluid in the jute is blown up when the material is put under high deformation forces. The wet jute displays similar properties in the initial test phases as depicted by the graph. The wet jute in this case is raw jute, which has not been pre-processed. It is harvested straight from the farms and used in this experiment. In the first stage of testing, the fibre shows resilience to the impact test forces just as the dry jute. It begins to show signs of deformation slightly before the twenty-third millisecon ds mark. After which it takes on elastic properties as the dry jute, with the graph being more linear-like when compared to the dry jute. The curve leading to permanent deformation in this case tends to arc more and its start point occurs earlier than that of dry jute. The breakpoint of wet jute is recorded at about 17 Joules. However, it takes about 40 milliseconds for the wet jute to get to the breaking point in the graph. Graph 2: Standard force Test time graph By applying standard force on the subjects, it is easy to establish the ultimate and yield stresses on the fibres. The dry and wet jute display different results in the experiment as indicated by Barsom and Rolfe (1999, p. 291). In conducting this experiment, the dry and wet jute

Compare and Contrast the Way Rupert Brooke and Wilfred Owen Approach the Subject of War Essay Example for Free

Compare and Contrast the Way Rupert Brooke and Wilfred Owen Approach the Subject of War Essay The title of this poem is very powerful. It tells the reader that this is a very sad poem and that by going to war death is almost certain. Sassoon has done this to give the reader an idea of war, and, as the reader reads the poem their insight into the brutality and the sorrow of war increases. The first paragraph of this poem tells of the slow death of a soldier as the sun rises. Sassoon has skilfully manipulated language and his choice of words in order to create a visual image that is slowly sculptured as the first four lines are read. Dark clouds are smouldering into red while down the craters morning burns the dying soldier shifts his head? To watch the glory that returns† The first half of the second paragraph speaks of the patriotism of soldiers for their countries and how they â€Å"want† to die for their land. This can be observed in the line â€Å"Hankering for wreaths and tombs and hearses†. The final half of the second paragraph tells of how the soldier faces his destiny with courage. Writing has always been a tool for reflecting and commenting on society. During the 20th century many poets reacted to problems in the world with highly emotionally charged poems. The horror of war and the spiritual degradation it inflicts is evident in the work of the World War I poets. Wilfred Owen (1893-1918) and Siegfried Sassoon (1886-1967) were both soldiers and poets. Their poems reflect the loss of innocence and the horrible mental and physical toll World War I inflicted on the world. ?Both Sassoon and Owen wrote war poetry to inform people of the realities of war. Sassoons efforts to publicly decry the war were stunted when the military announced he suffered from shell-shock and sent him to a hospital to recover. His poetry became the means of sharing his opinion that the war had become a war of aggression and conquest, (Norton 1832). He wanted to share with the public the true cost of war. His poem They reflects the common assumptions of the people at home about what the soldiers will be like when they come home. He wipes away all the illusions and shows that youll not find/A chap whos served that hasnt found some change (lines 9-10). In the poem, the soldiers dont return better and brighter. Instead, Sassoon shows how they return less whole by describing their injuries.? Sassoon met Owen while both were in the hospital recovering. Both mens greatest achievements as poets dealt with the war. Sassoons poems about the war were, deliberately written to disturb complacency, (Poets 855). He called them trench-sketches and wrote about what he witnessed while fighting with detail and honesty. Many of his war poems are highly satirical. While at home during the war, he was disturbed by the publics opinion of the war. Poems such as Blighters show his anger toward the civilian world:? Id like to see a Tank com down the stalls,? Lurching to rag-time tunes, or Home, sweet Home. ? And thered be no more jokes in Music-halls? To mock the riddled corpses round Bapaume. (5-8)? While Sassoon wrote war poetry to express his anger about the war, Owens main influence on his writing was not just a desire to show what war was actually like, but also an expression of the horrors he saw in many aspects of life. His poetry was heavily influenced by nightmares he experienced since his childhood which were only worsened by his experiences in battle. While in the hospital, Sassoon helped Owen with his writing. At first, Owen used many of the same shock tactics used by Sassoon, but he eventually found his own voice. After helping Owen with final editing process of Anthem for Doomed Youth, Sassoon wrote that he, realized that his verse, with its sumptuous epithets and large-scale imagery, its noble naturalness and the depth of meaning, had impressive affinities with Keats, whom he took as his supreme expemplar. This new sonnet was a revelation . . . It confronted me with classic and imaginative serenity (Poets 750). Owens poems, such as Anthem for Doomed Youth and Apologia pro Poemate Meo were not just inspired by war or dreams, but were also written as replies to other authors, the latter in response to a remark by Robert Graves. Own was not only powerful in his subject matter, but also technically, which is why Sassoon, Graves, and other poets admired his work. His use of para-rhyme added greatly to his poetry because it, produces effects of dissonance, failure, and unfulfilment that subtly reinforces his themes, (749).? Both poets wanted to express their views and feelings about the war. Their experiences in battle, although horrible, inspired them to write better poetry than they did before the war, and in Sassoons case, even after the war. Owen seems to be a more psychologically complex person. His poems are often melancholy and reach people on a deeply emotional level. Sassoons poems also affect people, but they do not leave a lasting impression. Sassoons goal as a war poet is to shock, while Owens goal is to make people experience deep emotion. It is obvious from Sassoons own remarks about Owen that even he felt the extreme emotional and lyrical power of Owens poems. The work of each poet serves as a reminder of the awfulness of war and the effect war has on peoples lives. Dulce Decorum Est The poem Dulce Decorum Est was written by Wilfred Owen. This poem illustrates how poetry can be influenced by the subject of the words rather than the words influencing the topic. The poem uses various literary devices to show that dying for ones country can be a very ugly and horrible thing; putting this idead into a poem, makes poetry a very ugly thing. Wilfred Owens makes use of many devices, but one of the first ones used in the poem is a simile. Bent double, like old beggars under sacks. This allows one to imagine a group of people hunched over, to malnourished and beaten to even stand up straight. Another example is floundring like a man on fire or lime. The man described has been poisoned by gas, but he looks as though he is running around trying to put out a fire on himself. The simimle illustrates the suffering of the man and his hopelessness. The author also utilizes words that have definite negative connotations in order to give the reader a feeling of unease and malady. Words such as sludge, fatigue, guttering, froth-corrupted, vile, and incurable, all have negative connotations. The words taken from the context of the poem still do not, and likely could not have any possible positive images or ideas associated with them. By choosing such words Owen condemns his poem to being sorrowful, sad and ugly. This is likely the authors intent as he sees war, sorrowful, sad, and ugly. Owen uses these literary devices and others to reach a single end. A sensory image of watching a man, in service of his country, die a terrible death. These include, the images of hunched men traveling through mud, hearing gas shells and putting on masks, a man drowning in gas, and the horrible ghastly death of that man. Owen incorporates sound with the blood Come gargling which enhances the horror felt by the reader. Wilfre Owen uses all these techniques to illustrate a simple point, that the phrase Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori, or translated to english, sweet and honorable it is, to die for the fatherland, is a lie. His poem tries to make real to the reader how horrible death is even when in the service of ones country. The statement is often made to children in search of adventure, but Owen makes clear that it is indeed a falsehood.

Essay --

Through an examination of the phyla Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Aschelminthes (Nematoda), Mollusca, Annelida, and Arthropoda, an obvious pattern of evolutionary advances is present. As one moves across these seven phyla, developments in traits such as methods of acquiring nutrition, the digestive system, the circulatory system, the nervous system, and the gas exchange system could easily be noted. Other observations could be logged regarding the development of the excretory system, the reproductive system, development, body plan, symmetry, and ecological niche. A look at the contrasting qualities of these phyla provides a clear understanding of their evolutionary advances. From filter-feeding to taking in food through the mouth, the methods of acquiring nutrition among the first seven phyla show a distinct evolutionary advancement. In the most basic phylum, Porifera, the sessile sponges receive nutrients through a system of filter-feeding, in which the organism uses its ostia, or pores, and chaonocytes, or flagellated collar cells that create water currents, to filter in water. The organism is then able to remove algae and other food particles from the water in order to acquire its food. In contrast to the phylum Porifera, the next phylum, Cnidaria is composed of carnivorous organisms, so thus they prey on other animals, unlike Porifera (who wait for their food to come to them). Cnidarians have nematocysts, or stinging cells, which allow them to paralyze and kill their prey. They are then able to use their tentacles to bring their food to their mouths. All of the subsequent phyla also take in food using their mouths, and hunt their prey (if carnivorous) using different methods. It is in the following phylum, ... ...opods prey on smaller organisms. Like the Mollusca phylum, there are many arthropods that serve as a food source to humans. Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Aschelminthes, Mollusca, Annelida, and Arthropoda, the first seven phyla, have a distinct connection in their evolutionary traits. A distinct grasp on the connections between the evolutionary advances of the seven phyla is easily acquired upon looking at the differing aspects of these phyla. In traits like methods of acquiring nutrition, the digestive system, the circulatory system, the nervous system, the gas exchange system, and the excretory system, a distinct line can be drawn from start to finish. In other traits like the reproductive system, development, body plan, symmetry, and ecological niche, one could easily log the improvement as the transition is made across the spectrum of phyla.

“Oh the places you’ll go” Dr Seuss and The Road Not Taken Robert Frost Essay

Congratulations! Today is your day. You’re off to Great Places! You’re off and away.† These opening lines mark the commencement of the imaginative journey through the world created by Dr. Seuss in his picture book, â€Å"†Oh the Places You’ll go!† ,an allegory of Life and its possibilities. Robert Frost also explores the same concept in his poem The Road not Taken. It is clear from both texts a journey of the imagination influences and shapes one’s perspective of the world and often results in transformation. â€Å"Oh the Places you’ll Go† motivates personal growth through gaining an understanding of the complexities of life, inspiring optimism and perseverance. The Road Not Taken however emphasizes the significance of decisions one makes in their life and how such decisions are the catalysts to the person they become. In the characteristic style of Dr. Seuss, ‘oh the places you’ll go’; is written in rhyme with a light tone. The language is simple, utilizing many metaphors, both visually and written. The imaginative journey alludes to all aspects of life; the positives through grinning purple elephants while the negatives are personified into â€Å"Hakken Kraks†. The author rejoices in everyone’s potential to fulfill their dreams: â€Å"You’ll be on your way up! / You’ll be seeing great sights!† While at the same time, he is realistic about the pitfalls of life: â€Å"grind on for miles across weirdish wild space, headed, I fear, toward a most useless place† This distinctive style with the balance of absurdity and the relative indifference to the philosophical message being unveiled is what heightens the books appeal to a wide audience. Hence the imaginative journey is not subject to age constraints and as a result, both young and old are able to experience growth or a change in their perspectives. â€Å"Oh The Places You’ll Go† has no distinct characters, except for the direct address ‘you’, supported by a young figure, the indicative of ‘you’ who visually carries out the imaginative journey, over colorful checkerboard landscapes, through mazelike streets. A direct personal link is established and the responder is able to literally perceive the imaginative journey. The Road Not Taken also achieves a personal connection through its style of first person, creating intimacy and the imagery of the road. From this we see the imaginative journey assists the reader in becoming personally involved with the text, the reader is able to engage with the story and hence draw insights and a greater understanding of the issues. Despite â€Å"Oh The Places you’ll Go† portraying both the positive and negative aspects of life, the imaginative journey ends with a return to reality and the optimistic message, ‘And will you succeed? Yes! You will, indeed!’ Although labeled with the warning â€Å"to be dexterous and deft. And NEVER mix up your right foot with your left.† In contrast to the enthusiastic tone of Dr. Seuss, â€Å"The Road Not Taken†, is contemplative and its message more cautious, to think hard about any forks in the road, for it could â€Å"make all the difference.† He suggests that perhaps journeys have no ending as â€Å"way leads on to way,† one choice is followed by another and it is simply impossible to recreate the past. Hence we can see how one can change as a result of an imaginative journey, even if there is not a destination.

Introduction to Japan tourism

Japan is ranked as the 1 lath country that compare to the world to have one of the largest population with over 127 million people. Japan's capital Tokyo is one of the largest population cities in the world (The World Fastback 2015). Japan preserved cabana, calligraphy and tea ceremony as their representative traditional cultures. Travel in Japan is convenient due to their advanced infrastructures which include trains, buses, taxis, ferries and light rail. Japan's major cities are connected by high-speed Shakiness trains and it is known for their ‘bullet train'-a modern rail transit sign of Japan (Japan National Tourism Organization 2015).Mouthing (2000) stated that motivation is a state of need or a condition that moves a person toward some kind of acts which it is perceived that will bring fulfillment. When motivation applies to tourism, it means what reason that moves people undergo traveling. Tourist motivation have been put into two dimensions which are ‘pull' and â €˜push' factors and the concept is people travel because they are pushed by their internal forces and pulled by the destination attributes' external forces (Ref 2010).Richardson and Flukier stated that push factors are the forces that excite the demand for tourism activities by pushing people away from their usual place. Pull factors are the forces that emerge as a result of a destination's attractiveness that perceived by the tourists (Bologna & Usual 1996). 2. 0 Defining Socio-psychological Motivations Pull factors are cultural motivations and push factors are socio-psychological motivations (Crampon 1979). There are ten socio-psychological motivations that explained the desire of tourists to go on a vacation and these motivations have been identified by Ryan (1991) which are: 1.Escape – A wish for getting away from perceived environment and life that lack of interest or excitement. 2. Relaxation – A wish for recuperation and refreshment. . Play – travel fo r indulge in activities related with childhood. 4. Strengthening family bonds – traveling with family can improve family relationship. Working parents can also spend time with their children during holidays. 5. Prestige – The selection of destination for holiday is a declaration of lifestyle and it can be seen in terms of increase the social status. 6. Social interaction – Some people seem holidays as an essential social forum.They meet like-minded people with common interests in different destinations. Some of the holidays are designed for people that they are alone and helped them to become part of a group. 7. Romance -? The powerful influence in selecting a destination is the chance of meeting people for the purpose of romantic encounters which are free from the home's limitations. 8. Educational Opportunity – To learn something new is the phenomenon of tourism. Traveling gives people opportunity to learn about other people and places, to understand ot her viewpoints and cultures and to see new sights. 9.Self-fulfillment – Sometimes people will change their perspective and life after they return from their holiday. The journey has been as much self-discovery as discovery of the new people and place. 10. Wish-fulfillment – Holidays can life tourists' dreams which the dream may have maintained a long period of saving. 3. 0 Examples on how Socio-Psychological Motivations can be satisfied in Japan 3. 1 Socio-psychological Motivation : Escape – how can it be satisfied Escape from a routine environment and life that lack of interest or excitement is the main reason that motivates most of the people go travel.The mundane environment that people wants to escape may include the school, work or daily chores that full of stress and the environment which associated with pressure. According to Richardson & Flukier (2008), indulgent tourism is a arm of tourism which caters for the people who wants to escape and get away fro m it all. It is categorized by a search for name brands, luxury and glamour. It provides theme parks, casinos, themed hotels and glamour resorts. Nowadays, modern cruises are a technological marvel and it provides a highly alternative and variable form of holidays to tourists (Quaternion and Peter, 2003).Cruise itineraries is the most suitable to satisfy escape motivation as it provides a total escape, safe transportation to the destination, innovation on-board features, luxurious pampering service and Vegas style entertainment. The most common reasons that people select a cruise holiday are to be entertained and to be looked after in luxury (Cartridge and Braid 1999). Cruises can compete with land based theme parks, hotels and resorts as the size of cruises are become larger and it is able to support many activities such as gym, swimming pool, theatre, spa, golf course and casino (Weaver 2005).Canard's Queen Elizabeth is one of the famous cruise voyage providers and it consists of many on-board activities that built for pleasure ranging from fitness, spa, shopping, leisure, relaxation and galleries. Queen Elizabeth let tourists experience apart from other cruises y organizing dazzling affairs as Buccaneer Ball or Royal Ascot Ball in a setting as stunning as the Queens Ballroom (Canard Line 2015). 3. 1. 1 Commercial Example from Internet 3. 2 Socio-psychological Motivation #2: Relaxation – how can it be satisfied?Relaxation motivation is travel for recuperation and refreshment and it is related to escape motivation. It can be satisfied by choosing a destination that is contrary to the community or environment in which the people are living. Tourists may want to relax and run away from city-like environment which surrounded by technologies and buildings, congestion and noise from icicles and back-to-back meetings. Check-in at a hotel hot-spring is a typical way to relax when traveling to Japan. Takeaway Noun is one of the famous hot-spring hotels that lo cated in Gift.It features Tamil woven-straw flooring throughout and rooms with traditional Japanese designs. Takeaway Noun awarded Trepidation's Certificate of Excellence in 2014. The hotel provides a hearty homemade breakfast buffet, coos family baths and an open-air natural hot-spring bath in their rooftop. Visitors can enjoy the mountain views by using one of the family baths or unwind at the large public bath which consists of a sauna. The hotel's on-site beauty salon also provides the rejuvenating messages for visitors to relax from their stressful life (Lonely Planet 2015).The tourists' relaxation motivation can definitely be satisfied by experiencing the relaxing hot-spring service which provided by Takeaway Noun. 32. 1 Commercial Example from Internet 3. 3 Socio-psychological Motivation #3: Play -? how can it be satisfied? Having fun and indulge in activities that related with childhood can satisfied tourists' play motivation (Ryan 1 991 Tourists visit theme parks that can f ulfill their wish and satisfy their play motivation as tourists can having fun and turn into their carefree State of childhood when visiting theme parks.The purpose of theme parks is to entertain the visitors by conducting the attractions, stunts, animal shows, rides and these are the enjoyment of lot of people. According to Smith 201 2, theme parks are catered for children and adults that who want to return into their carefree state of childhood. The typical way to play when traveling to Japan is to visit the Tokyo Disneyland which is one of the top three most visited theme parks in the world and it is symbolized by the Cinderella Castle in its centerpiece. The park is divided onto seven themed lands and features seasonal parades and decorations.Tokyo Disneyland provides Splash Mountain, the ride that goes through 16 meter high water fall and 45 degree dive over it. Pooch's Hunky Hunt, the pots that ride the wind and bounce around. Tourist can see the gorgeous parades during daytim e and night-time (Tokyo Disney Resort 2015). 3. 3. 1 Commercial Example from Internet 3. 4 Socio-Psychological Motivation #4: Strengthening Family Bonds – how can it be satisfied? Home is where the heart is, families are the one who never leave you away (Branch 2012). Accompany and caring are the greatest gifts that parents give o their children as they grow into adults (Comfort Keepers 2014).The connection between parents and children is essential as children may face hard times such as sex, dating and some identity issues when they grow into adults and these issues will influence them to push their parents away. Thus, spending time to develop and maintain positive relationship with children is necessary and it will bring benefits through a strong relationship (Jumpier 2000). There is a good way on strengthening family bonds by visiting Mother Farm which is a popular destination located in the Kane-azans mountaintop. The Mother Farm has many facilities such as fields, animal farm and orchards.In Mother Farm, families can having fun with the animals include rabbits, sheep, ostriches, camels, ducks, cattle and pigs. It allows visitors to experience cow milking, Guiana pig and rabbit hugging, strawberry' and blueberry picking, ice-cream making and horse riding. Families can also participate the shows such as piggy race, Groomed sheep show and duck's parade. The farm has an amusement park and a nature observation park that allows visitors to see the seasonal flowers and experience the natural environment (Mother Farm 201 5) 3. 4. Commercial Example from Internet 3. 5 Socio-psychological Motivation prestige – how can it be satisfied?According to Examination (2008), having a social status is better than having a lot of money. The reason that people pursue prestige is to enhance their social status which is defined as the individual's position in the social hierarchy. Henries and White (2001 ) stated that social status can be result from the relative c apability of a person to confer benefits on others and it includes the mate value, coordinative relationship, knowledge and also material goods. The typical way to satisfied prestige motivation when revealing to Japan is to visit the Sharing which is a luxury accommodation in Majority.Majority is the main island of the Mimosa group and it has excellent beaches with long fingers of land point out into the sea. It surrounded by the exotic birds' songs and the clean wind which will enriched visitors' body and mind. The average price rate Of Sharing resort is RAMMER per night. The beautiful coral reefs, white beach and the blue sea spreading out like a private beach and it embraced the environment Beside the environment, Sharing is also renowned for their luxury facilities such as golf ours and hot spring. Their environment and facilities can definitely satisfy the tourists' prestige motivation. . 5. 1 Commercial Example from Internet 3. 6 Socio-psychological Motivation #6: Social Inter action – how can it be satisfied? Some people seem holidays as an essential social forum. Seeking social relationships and companionship is the purpose of motivate them to travel (Ryan & Gleeson 1998). They meet like-minded people with common interests by exploring the surroundings and countries. By traveling with the like-minded people, tourists are able to satisfy their social interaction titivation. Skiing is a common reason that motives people to travel in Japan.The mountain that blanked with deep snow making Japan becomes one of the best skiing grounds in the world. Noises is the most popular ski area in Japan and it located in Hookah. It consists of three main ski areas with world class treks which are Noises Inupiat, Noises Village and Noises Grand Hiram and these areas gain momentum on the world stage. Ski lovers from all over the world come to Noises to enjoy the vast Ski Slopes with Powder Snow, extreme winter sports, compete and share the knowledge with each other' s. Ski lessons are providing for every ski beginners and professionals. . 6. 1 Commercial Example from Internet 3. 7 Socio-Psychological Motivation #7: Romance – how can it be satisfied? Romance motivates some of the people travel for honeymoon in order to spice up the relationship with their lover. Traveling to a special and memorable place allows partners spending time together. Their relationship will improve through discussing the itineraries and exchanging their own opinions. The typical way to satisfied romance motivation when traveling to Japan is to visit the Tokyo Tower which is the major sightseeing spot and humbly of Tokyo.The special observatory at 250 meters and the main observatory at 1 50 meters enable visitors to experience a 360-degree Toss's panoramic view. Visitors can enjoy romantic time in the observation cafe at night by dazzling night view and drinking tea. Visitors can also see the Tokyo Tower's illumination that begins at sunset with their lover (Japa n National Tourism Organization 2015). 37. 1 Commercial Example from Internet 3. 8 Socio-Psychological Motivation #8: Educational Opportunity – how can it be satisfied? To learn something new is the phenomenon of tourism.Traveling gives people opportunity to learn about other people and places, to understand other viewpoints and cultures and to see new sights. The typical way to satisfied educational opportunity motivation when traveling to Japan is to visit the Goon Corner which is a unique theatre that located in Kyoto. It presents seven Soot's traditional performing arts in one hour show which are Tea ceremony, Cabana, Kenyon classical comedy, Gaga Imperial Court music, Kyoto and Kombi dance. It is popular among foreign tourists as the performances' explanations are provided in English and Japanese (Kodak 2013).Visitors can learn new things and understand the Soot's traditional cultural after watching the show. 3. 8. 1 Commercial Example from Internet 3. 9 Socio-psychologi cal Motivation #9: Self-Fulfillment – how can it be The progression of being more of who you already are is a result of self- fulfillment (Hartley & Harrison 2009). People have different dreams and goals that they want to achieve in their life and it is mostly developed when they are young. For Example, some of them want to be a singer, teacher and some of them want to be an athlete.When traveling to Japan, people who take martial arts as part of their life can visit the Tokyo Bedouin which is a genuine arena for martial arts. There are many Bedouin buildings in Japan as traditionally Bedouin is an arena for martial arts. Tokyo Bedouin is served as a palace that helps to spread and continue the time-honored Japanese traditional of martial arts. It IS a training facility for martial artists and always used for martial Tournaments. Visitors can look around the arena and see people practicing different types of martial arts include Judo, Kiddo, Keno and Karate.It is a must place to visit in order to understand the arts and satisfied the self-fulfillment motivation. . 9-1 Commercial Example from Internet 3. 10 Socio-psychological Motivation #10: Wish Fulfillment -? how can it be One of the most difficult motivations for people to satisfy is wish-fulfillment. Holidays can fulfill tourists' dreams which the dream may have maintained a long period of saving as the destination may be costly to travel. Southern islands of Japan have become a top choice for people who seek to expand their horizons while tropical locales tend to attract aficionados and novices alike.Most of the people seem Okinawa as a dream place to visit when traveling to Japan. Okinawa keeps attracting divers from all over the world u to its variety of sea animals, landscapes and coral reefs. It is an only place in Japan that can allow diving all year around. Okinawa extraordinary reefs consist of thousands of reef fish, a variety of unique Underbracing and different kind of sea animals. Visito rs can diving and experiencing the beautiful underwater world. Okinawa also offers seasonal specials which include Introit and Night Diver (Reef Encounter 2015). . 10. 1 Commercial Example from Internet 4. 0 Conclusion In conclusion, Japan is one of the most popular countries in Asia and it can satisfy the tourists' ten socio-psychological motivations with its different attractions and tours. However, play motivation can be satisfied easily in Japan but one of the most difficult motivations to satisfy in Japan and also other countries is prestige motivations. People have different requirement for destination and Japan should improve the prestige motivation factor in order to attract more tourists.

Free Essays on Seamus Heany Childhood Poems

Seamus Heany â€Å"Examine in a range of poems the poetic significance Heany gives to his collection of childhood and early youth â€Å" Heany’s earlier poems are derived from his childhood experiences, and in particular they way he feels he relates to his family ‘Digging’ and ‘Follower’, and how he has blossomed from his upbringing ‘Death of a Naturalist. Born and brought up in a farming community in Ireland, his roots are explicitly nature based, his adoration for his father and respect for the land and his work and very prominent. In the poem ‘Digging’, watching his father at work in the garden inspires him, and inturn brings back memories of when he was young- digging within his memory. Symbolically going beyond the surface, and shifting in time as his father shifts the dirt. He recalls the rhythmic â€Å"clean rasping sound† which is all-real to him, and he conveys this well to his audience. He greatly admires and idolises his father, speaking fondly of special bonding times they shared together. â€Å"To scatter new potatoes that we picked† He changes his tone in the fifth stanza, where he reflects in awe of his grandfathers talent. He’s obviously very proud of him, and of his family’s heritage, as he boasts â€Å"My grandfather cut more turf in one day than any other man† in a way, a passion for digging, blowing its great-ness out of proportion. He creates the picture as he describes giving his granddad milk while he was working in the field one day, a particular memory that has remained fresh in his mind, recalling how he â€Å"straightened up to drink then fell right away nicking and slicing neatly† This must have made quite an impression on him as a young boy, witnessing his strength, effort and vigour of body. He again changes his tone, and matches that on the opening stanza. As he has â€Å"no spade to follow men like them, in a way conveying a sense of inadequacies, that he’s not quite good eno... Free Essays on Seamus Heany Childhood Poems Free Essays on Seamus Heany Childhood Poems Seamus Heany â€Å"Examine in a range of poems the poetic significance Heany gives to his collection of childhood and early youth â€Å" Heany’s earlier poems are derived from his childhood experiences, and in particular they way he feels he relates to his family ‘Digging’ and ‘Follower’, and how he has blossomed from his upbringing ‘Death of a Naturalist. Born and brought up in a farming community in Ireland, his roots are explicitly nature based, his adoration for his father and respect for the land and his work and very prominent. In the poem ‘Digging’, watching his father at work in the garden inspires him, and inturn brings back memories of when he was young- digging within his memory. Symbolically going beyond the surface, and shifting in time as his father shifts the dirt. He recalls the rhythmic â€Å"clean rasping sound† which is all-real to him, and he conveys this well to his audience. He greatly admires and idolises his father, speaking fondly of special bonding times they shared together. â€Å"To scatter new potatoes that we picked† He changes his tone in the fifth stanza, where he reflects in awe of his grandfathers talent. He’s obviously very proud of him, and of his family’s heritage, as he boasts â€Å"My grandfather cut more turf in one day than any other man† in a way, a passion for digging, blowing its great-ness out of proportion. He creates the picture as he describes giving his granddad milk while he was working in the field one day, a particular memory that has remained fresh in his mind, recalling how he â€Å"straightened up to drink then fell right away nicking and slicing neatly† This must have made quite an impression on him as a young boy, witnessing his strength, effort and vigour of body. He again changes his tone, and matches that on the opening stanza. As he has â€Å"no spade to follow men like them, in a way conveying a sense of inadequacies, that he’s not quite good eno...

Tremont, Ohio Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers, Research Papers

Tremont, Ohio Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers, Research Papers Tremont, Ohio A history of Tremont symbolizes the typical urban American neighborhood with its mish-mash of cultures. It offers eclectic sites and adaptive locations for filmmaking. I will look at the history of Tremont as a cultural center of the Midwest before the filming of The Deer Hunter (Figure 3). In addition, I will examine the history of Saint Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral and the history of Lemko Hall to illustrate the eclecticism and adaptability that director, Michael Cimino, tapped in his film. Director Michael Cimino's most powerful, and controversial film work The Deer Hunter examines the uniqueness of this area by focusing its setting on Saint Theodosius Russian Orthodox Church and Lemko Hall. The original developers of Tremont (Figure 4) were Mrs. Thirza Pelton and John Jennings. They planned to develop the Tremont area into the cultural center of the Midwest. Purchasing 275 acres for the development of Cleveland University, incorporated in 1851, was their start. The building on the corner of College and University Avenue would be the first and only building constructed for the University. Part of its campus would be Pelton Park, which was surrounded by streets named after the college like Professor, College, University, Literary, and so on. This conglomerate would make up "University Heights". This venture would end two years later, in 1852, when Mrs. Pelton died along with the loss of her financial support. Tremont still remained and continued to develop into an exclusive area as Pelton and Jennings had intended. "University Heights" continued to progress as an eclectic residential area of Cleveland up until the time of the Civil War. Jennings Avenue, currently ! West Fourteenth Street, was called the Gold Coast of Cleveland. Around the time of this prosperity, the area had become a main stay for the Union Troops. This area became a major participant for the Union in the Civil War. This area was affected by the war, which changed its name "University Heights" into "Lincoln Heights" and Pelton Park to Lincoln Park. The Union Troops had set up the area for their northern operations. The current Ukrainian Labor Temple, which lies on Auborn Avenue and West Eleventh Street, was used as a hospital for the Union Soldiers that were sick or wounded. The troops did their recruiting from Auburn Avenue, and the troops camped at the foot of Professor Street, which overlooks the Cuyahoga River, and also in Lincoln Park. After the civil war, many developers were interested in creating an industry in Tremont. Its access to the Cuyahoga River and its flat surrounding region made it an ideal place for steelworking. This created a need for a work force. Eager Irish and Slavic immigrants came into the area in hopes to make a new home for themselves. Between the nineteen-thirties to the late sixties Tremont become home to a multitude of cultures. The Irish and the Slavic people were followed by Germans, Southern Europeans, Syrians, Greeks, Italians and a few Blacks. The largest group at that time was the Lemkos. Lemkos were originally from Lemkovina, which was situated in the slopes of the Carpathian Mountains. Lemkovina, controlled by Austria-Hungry, is still considered to this day the most neglected in cultural progress and the most oppressed of all the Russian peoples. With The Slavs that immigrated into the United States and Canada they not only brought their eastern orthodox religion, but also ! brought their styles of architecture. Before World War 1, 6,000 Slavic immigrants inhabited the Cleveland area. Their heritage and artistry is notable in Tremont's Architecture. The Eastern Orthodox belief of the Slavic people was and is still worshiped at Saint Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral. Saint Theodosius is the oldest Russian Orthodox Church in Cleveland. In September 1974 for its seventy eighth anniversary the church was put on the National Registry of Historical Places. It was coined "one of the most outstanding examples of Russian church architecture in the United States". (Cleveland Press Collection 1974). The architect's, Fredrick C. Baird, design was based on the pastor's, Father Basil S. Lisenkovsky, photographs of the Church of Our Savior Jesus Christ in Moscow. Baird used certain features of the Muscovite Church resulting in Saint Theodosius having 13 distinguishing crosses and

W7 Case Study Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

W7 Case Study - Assignment Example Sometimes being honest is not what sells. In this case it is important and helpful to have a professional code of ethics. A code of ethics makes sure that marketers are keeping ethics in mind and the consumers are being protected. Anyone can make a claim about a product or service to make a sale but consumers need to know that the claims are true. Keeping true to a code of ethics allows marketers to make correct choices. An ethics officer has an important role in a corporation. An ethics officer is the mentor of the corporation. The ethics officer must mentor to show a good example. An ethics officer also takes on the role as the enforcer. The ethics officer must enforce the code of ethics. This role is important because anyone can tell others what to do and hope that they listen, unfortunately it does not always work this way and someone must be there to enforce. Finally, an ethics officer needs to be open and available to answer questions. There are necessary fundamental building blocks to ensure a good, comprehensive ethics program. The ethics program must be able to be used to educate employees. These building blocks include a way to show employees that honesty is vital. It is also important to let employees know that the corporation cares about problems and want to know what can be done to make a difference. As part of fundamental building blocks, employees need to be ensured that making the correct ethical decisions can improve their employee status. Online marketing opens a whole new world of marketing. With this, companies are able to target a new market. Targeting a new market means a new set of issues related to making ethical marketing decisions. These issues are surrounded around trust. When you cannot see things face to face, how can you trust that it is real and ethical? Other issues associated with online marketing include, targeting an unknown

Financial Management & control Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Financial Management & control - Essay Example The company has not been able to earn more from the money of its shareholders. In 2011, it has earned approximately 30% lesser than 2010 from the money invested by its shareholders which resulted in a decline in return on equity. The debtors’ collection rose by 47 days over the previous year which means that in 2011, the company now required 130 days to get the money from its debtors which it did in 83 days in 2010. This not only blocks the money for the company but also makes the company lose on the interest of the money blocked with the debtors. The chance of the debtors going bad also increases if the payment cycle expands which has been proved by bad debts going up by more than 200%. The operating profit of the company has halved from 17% in 2010 to 8.5% in 2011, which implies that even when the company has sold more than the previous year, it has not been able to make profits out of the sales. This can be due to many reasons. The company might have sold at lesser price or the company might have incurred greater selling expenses. ... The current ratio of the company increased from 1.5 in 2010 to 1.8 in 2011. The increase in the current ratio is a result of the increase in current assets which includes an increase in the debtors’ collection period due to which the debtors are rising, an overdraft bank balance and more than doubling of bad debts inflating the current ratio. The acid test ratio increased from 1.2 in 2010 to 1.5 in 2011. This indicates that the company now has lesser short-term assets to sell in order to cover up its immediate liabilities without selling off its inventories. The company’s ability to pay off its interest expenses has also declined and it is indicated by the fall in the interest cover ratio from 9.6 times in 2010 to 4.34 times in 2011. This is due to the shortage of funds which has been blocked by the debtors, increasing bad debts, bank overdraft balance etc. The gearing ratio describes the level of the company’s capital being funded by the owners’ money ver sus the money of creditors. Here, it has declined by 3% as the creditors collection period has also slightly decreased. This means that the company is paying off its creditors earlier than it used to do in the previous year. This results in lesser availability to creditors’ funds and more reliability of the business on the owners’ equity. The earnings per share of the company declined from 0.63 in 2010 to 0.29 in 2011. A decline in EPS is the result of a decline in the profitability of the company. EPS measures the allocation of company’s profit to each of its outstanding shares. Since profit has declined, the allocation to each share also declined and hence the EPS. The operating cash flow per share of the company increased from 1.2 in 2010 to 1.5 in 2011